在xcode5上开发iBeacon的ios7应用

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前言

iBeacon的用处和好处我就不介绍了，大家可以看我最后面附录的参考文章。

本文重点介绍如何写一个app，通过2台iphone来实现iBeancon的收发。

强调一点，就是ibeacon是不能进行数据交互的，只能广播信号。

所需材料

iBeacon 使用低功耗的蓝牙技术，所以你必须要有一个内置有低功耗蓝牙的 iOS 设备以便与 iBeacon 协同工作。

为了做完这个实验，你需要其中2台如下的设备：

  1. iPhone 4s 或更新的
  2. 第三代 iPad 或更新的
  3. iPad mini 或更新的
  4. 第五代iPod touch 或更新的

另外，还需要一个开发者帐号进行真机调试，或者请同事亲戚朋友导出他的开发者证书到你机器上，又或者这2台设备都已经越狱。

基本概念

iBeacon 需要掌握的基本概念只有3个：ProximityUUID、major、minor。

ProximityUUID：感应标识符，全球唯一的标识符，128bit，通过命令uuidgen即可生成。用这个来区别其它公司或者机构的iBeacon产品。例如我们的咖啡店用下面的感应标识符：

boxertandeiMac:boxertan.github.io boxertan$ uuidgen
E172F7F9-4F2F-4378-A3A8-737433C6F9B1

major：主要值，扩展字段，16bit，比如说用来区别公司下属的分公司或者分店。例如我们的咖啡店分店：1为南山店，2为福田店，3为罗湖店，等等。

minor：次要值，再细分的扩展字段，16bit，比如说咖啡店南山分店用了10个 iBeacon 发射器，那么分别为1-10。

思路

  1. 实现发射器
  2. 实现接收器

实现

实现发射器

添加framework

  1. 选中项目名称

  2. 选中TARGETS

  3. 选中Build Phases

  4. 在Link Binary With Libraries中添加CoreBluetooth.framework 和 CoreLocation.framework

添加头文件和所需的类

在ConfigViewController.h添加头文件：

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#import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>
#import <CoreBluetooth/CoreBluetooth.h>

并添加所需的属性：

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@property (strong, nonatomic) CLBeaconRegion *beaconRegion;
@property (strong, nonatomic) NSDictionary *beaconPeripheralData;
@property (strong, nonatomic) CBPeripheralManager *peripheralManager;

再加上各种UI界面，整个代码如下ConfigViewController.h：

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#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
#import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>
#import <CoreBluetooth/CoreBluetooth.h>

@interface ConfigViewController : UIViewController <
CBPeripheralManagerDelegate
>
{
    NSMutableString *uuid;
    NSMutableString *major;
    NSMutableString *minor;
    NSMutableString *identity;
}


@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *uuidLabel;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *majorLabel;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *minorLabel;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *identityLabel;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *uuidText;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *majorText;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *minorText;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *identityText;

- (IBAction)ViewTouchDown:(id)sender;

@property (strong, nonatomic) CLBeaconRegion *beaconRegion;
@property (strong, nonatomic) NSDictionary *beaconPeripheralData;
@property (strong, nonatomic) CBPeripheralManager *peripheralManager;

@end
什么是CLBeaconRegion?

CL就是CoreLocation的缩写。 CLBeaconRegion实现Beacon信号区域的功能。

什么是CBPeripheralManager?

CB就是CoreBluetooth的缩写。CBPeripheralManager实现Beacon发射广播信号的功能。

到此，我们准备用 beaconRegion 来设置UUID、主要值、次要值，用 peripheralManager 来发射信号。

初始化发射的Beacon

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- (void)initBeacon
{
    uuid = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"23542266-18D1-4FE4-B4A1-23F8195B9D39"];
    major = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"11"];
    minor = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"12"];
    identity = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"com.BoXer.Test"];
}

- (void)setBeacon
{
    NSUUID *nsuuid = [[NSUUID alloc] initWithUUIDString:uuid];
    self.beaconRegion = [[CLBeaconRegion alloc] initWithProximityUUID:nsuuid
                                                                major:[major integerValue]
                                                                minor:[minor integerValue]
                                                           identifier:identity];
}

- (IBAction)transmitBeacon:(UIButton *)sender
{
    self.beaconPeripheralData = [self.beaconRegion peripheralDataWithMeasuredPower:nil];
    self.peripheralManager = [[CBPeripheralManager alloc] initWithDelegate:self
                                                                                     queue:nil
                                                                                   options:nil];

    [self setBeaconInfo];
    [self updateLabels];
    [self setBeacon];
}

接收发送广播的delegate

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-(void)peripheralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral
{
    if (peripheral.state == CBPeripheralManagerStatePoweredOn)
    {
        NSLog(@"Powered On");
        [self.peripheralManager startAdvertising:self.beaconPeripheralData];
    }
    else if (peripheral.state == CBPeripheralManagerStatePoweredOff)
    {
        NSLog(@"Powered Off");
        [self.peripheralManager stopAdvertising];
    }
}

于是，整个ConfigViewController.m的代码如下：

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#import "ConfigViewController.h"

@interface ConfigViewController ()

@end

@implementation ConfigViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
  // Do any additional setup after loading the view.

    [self initBeacon];
    [self setBeacon];
    [self updateText];
    [self updateLabels];

}

- (void)initBeacon
{
    uuid = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"23542266-18D1-4FE4-B4A1-23F8195B9D39"];
    major = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"11"];
    minor = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"12"];
    identity = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"com.BoXer.Test"];
}

- (void)setBeacon
{
    NSUUID *nsuuid = [[NSUUID alloc] initWithUUIDString:uuid];
    self.beaconRegion = [[CLBeaconRegion alloc] initWithProximityUUID:nsuuid
                                                                major:[major integerValue]
                                                                minor:[minor integerValue]
                                                           identifier:identity];
}

- (void)updateText
{
    self.uuidText.text = uuid;
    self.majorText.text = major;
    self.minorText.text = minor;
    self.identityText.text = identity;
}

- (void)setBeaconInfo
{
    [uuid  setString: self.uuidText.text];
    [major setString: self.majorText.text];
    [minor setString: self.minorText.text];
    [identity setString: self.identityText.text];
}

- (void)updateLabels
{
     self.uuidLabel.text = uuid;
    self.majorLabel.text = major;
    self.minorLabel.text = minor;
    self.identityLabel.text = identity;
}

- (IBAction)transmitBeacon:(UIButton *)sender
{
    self.beaconPeripheralData = [self.beaconRegion peripheralDataWithMeasuredPower:nil];
    self.peripheralManager = [[CBPeripheralManager alloc] initWithDelegate:self
                                                                                     queue:nil
                                                                                   options:nil];

    [self setBeaconInfo];
    [self updateLabels];
    [self setBeacon];
}

-(void)peripheralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral
{
    if (peripheral.state == CBPeripheralManagerStatePoweredOn)
    {
        NSLog(@"Powered On");
        [self.peripheralManager startAdvertising:self.beaconPeripheralData];
    }
    else if (peripheral.state == CBPeripheralManagerStatePoweredOff)
    {
        NSLog(@"Powered Off");
        [self.peripheralManager stopAdvertising];
    }
}

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
{
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

- (IBAction)ViewTouchDown:(id)sender
{
    // 发送resignFirstResponder
    // 这样使得点击空白处可收回键盘
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] sendAction:@selector(resignFirstResponder) to:nil from:nil forEvent:nil];
}
@end

做出来的界面是这样的：

发射器截图

实现接收器

在TrackViewController.h添加头文件：

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#import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>

并添加所需的属性：

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@property (strong, nonatomic) CLBeaconRegion *beaconRegion;
@property (strong, nonatomic) CLLocationManager *locationManager;
什么是CLLocationManager?

CL就是CoreLocation的缩写。 CLLocationManager实现位置管理。在这里主要是监控区域进出。

再加上一个UITableView，显示周围有多说个iBeacon发射器，于是 TrackViewController.h 代码如下：

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#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
#import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>

@interface TrackViewController : UIViewController <
CLLocationManagerDelegate,
UITableViewDataSource,
UITableViewDelegate>
{
    IBOutlet UITableView *tv;

    NSMutableArray *iBeaconsInfo;
}

@property (strong, nonatomic) CLBeaconRegion *beaconRegion;
@property (strong, nonatomic) CLLocationManager *locationManager;

@end

初始化region

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- (void)initRegion
{
    NSUUID *uuid = [[NSUUID alloc] initWithUUIDString:@"23542266-18D1-4FE4-B4A1-23F8195B9D39"];
    self.beaconRegion = [[CLBeaconRegion alloc] initWithProximityUUID:uuid identifier:@"123"];
    [self.locationManager startMonitoringForRegion:self.beaconRegion];

    if (iBeaconsInfo == nil)
    {
        iBeaconsInfo = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    }

}

初始化locationManager

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self.locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
self.locationManager.delegate = self;
[self initRegion];
[self locationManager:self.locationManager didStartMonitoringForRegion:self.beaconRegion];

设置locationMagager的各种delegate

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- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didStartMonitoringForRegion:(CLRegion *)region
{
    [self.locationManager startRangingBeaconsInRegion:self.beaconRegion];
}

- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didEnterRegion:(CLRegion *)region
{
    NSLog(@"Beacon Found");
    [self.locationManager startRangingBeaconsInRegion:self.beaconRegion];

}

-(void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didExitRegion:(CLRegion *)region
{
    NSLog(@"Left Region");
    [self.locationManager stopRangingBeaconsInRegion:self.beaconRegion];

    [tv reloadData];
}

-(void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didRangeBeacons:(NSArray *)beacons inRegion:(CLBeaconRegion *)region
{
    if ([beacons count] > 0)
    {
        [iBeaconsInfo setArray:beacons];
        [tv reloadData];
    }
}

整个 TrackViewController.m 如下：

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#import "TrackViewController.h"

@interface TrackViewController ()

@end

@implementation TrackViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];

    tv.delegate = self;
    tv.dataSource = self;
    [tv setBackgroundColor:[UIColor grayColor]];

    self.locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
    self.locationManager.delegate = self;
    [self initRegion];
    [self locationManager:self.locationManager didStartMonitoringForRegion:self.beaconRegion];
}



- (void)initRegion
{
    NSUUID *uuid = [[NSUUID alloc] initWithUUIDString:@"23542266-18D1-4FE4-B4A1-23F8195B9D39"];
    self.beaconRegion = [[CLBeaconRegion alloc] initWithProximityUUID:uuid identifier:@"123"];
    [self.locationManager startMonitoringForRegion:self.beaconRegion];

    if (iBeaconsInfo == nil)
    {
        iBeaconsInfo = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    }

}

- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didStartMonitoringForRegion:(CLRegion *)region
{
    [self.locationManager startRangingBeaconsInRegion:self.beaconRegion];
}

- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didEnterRegion:(CLRegion *)region
{
    NSLog(@"Beacon Found");
    [self.locationManager startRangingBeaconsInRegion:self.beaconRegion];

}

-(void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didExitRegion:(CLRegion *)region
{
    NSLog(@"Left Region");
    [self.locationManager stopRangingBeaconsInRegion:self.beaconRegion];

    [tv reloadData];
}

-(void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didRangeBeacons:(NSArray *)beacons inRegion:(CLBeaconRegion *)region
{
    if ([beacons count] > 0)
    {
        [iBeaconsInfo setArray:beacons];
        [tv reloadData];
    }
}

#pragma mark - UITableView

- (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView
{
    return 1;
}

- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section
{
    return [iBeaconsInfo count];
}

- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
    static NSString *cellIdentifier = @"iBeaconsCell";

    UITableViewCell *cell = [tv dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:cellIdentifier];
    if (cell == nil)
    {
        cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleSubtitle reuseIdentifier:cellIdentifier];
    }

    return [self prepareCellForBeaconInfo:cell index:indexPath];
}

- (UITableViewCell *)prepareCellForBeaconInfo:(UITableViewCell *)cell index:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
    CLBeacon *beacon = [iBeaconsInfo objectAtIndex:indexPath.row];
    NSString *distanceText = [[NSString alloc] init];
    if (beacon.proximity == CLProximityUnknown)
    {
        distanceText = @"未知距离";
    }
    else if (beacon.proximity == CLProximityImmediate)
    {
        distanceText = @"非常近";
    }
    else if (beacon.proximity == CLProximityNear)
    {
        distanceText = @"近";
    }
    else if (beacon.proximity == CLProximityFar)
    {
        distanceText = @"远";
    }

    cell.textLabel.numberOfLines = 0;
    cell.detailTextLabel.numberOfLines = 0;
    cell.textLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@", beacon.proximityUUID.UUIDString];
    cell.detailTextLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"主要值：%@    次要值：%@\r\n感应距离：%f\r\n大概距离：%@    信号强度：%ld", beacon.major, beacon.minor, beacon.accuracy, distanceText, (long)beacon.rssi];
    [cell sizeToFit];

    return cell;
}

- (CGFloat)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView heightForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
    return 100;
}

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
{
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

@end

实际应用的界面如下：

接收器截图

附录

Region Monitoring and iBeacon

Developing iOS 7 Applications with iBeacons Tutorial

What is iBeacon? An explanation and tutorial for iOS 7

iBeacons Tutorial for iOS 7 with CLBeaconRegion and CLBeacon

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